3 Key Signs Your 401(k) Isn’t Doing as Well as It Should Be — and How To Fix It

If you’re hoping for a comfortable retirement, you may want to check in on your 401(k) to make sure it’s not underperforming.

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Experts say the vast majority of employer-sponsored retirement accounts are underserving their investors. Many 401(k) accounts are either underperforming or overpriced. Just as alarming, almost 84% of 401(k) plans may have at least one type of red-flag infraction, which could lead to fines or penalties.

Concerned about your 401(k)? Here are the signs to watch out for, and the best ways to fix potential problems with your retirement account.

Excessive Fees

Ted Benna, the “father of the 401(k),” warned that many employer-sponsored plans charge excessive fees. In fact, he told The New York Times the whole mutual fund industry has profited enormously from 401(k) plans.

Even small fee increases, which may seem innocuous, can add up over time. Benna explained that “over the life of an investment, it is a real hit — it is gigantic.”

The Ideal 401(k) Fee Structure

Almost 8 in 10 corporate retirement plans with at least 100 employees are overpaying on 401(k) fees, according to research from the consulting firm Abernathy-Daley. Any company paying more than 0.3% is probably overpaying, the report suggested.

Unnecessarily high fees can make a big difference in the size of your retirement fund. The U.S. Department of Labor pointed out that even a 1% increase in 401(k) fees could reduce savings by 28% for participants who set aside money over the course of 35 years or more. That could mean the difference between a comfortable retirement and one that has you pinching pennies and scraping by.

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Underperforming Funds

A 401(k) fund can underperform for a number of reasons, including:

• Market fluctuations

• Loss of funds due to fraud or dishonesty

• Insufficient investment choices

• High fees

Of course, no 401(k) is immune to market fluctuations. However, consistent underperformance is usually due to a systemic problem, like poorly chosen investment options or a lack of diversification.

Violations in the Fund

Abernathy-Daley estimated that 43% of 401(k) plans in the U.S. have at least one severe violation in areas like fraud or dishonesty, insufficient fidelity bonds or a failure to offer qualified default investment alternatives. These factors could all impact your fund’s performance, with your retirement savings taking a major hit. Violations could also cost your company a significant amount of money, thanks to penalties and fines imposed by regulators.