Greece’s population has fallen by nearly half a million people over the
Greece’s population has fallen by nearly half a million people over the past 13 years, according to new research, as the country grapples with plummeting birth rates, rapid aging, and large-scale emigration.
A study by the Laboratory of Demographic and Social Analyses at the University of Thessaly warns that the decline will continue for the next three decades, with deaths consistently outnumbering births and the country’s demographic profile becoming steadily older.
Birth Rates Halved Since the Mid-20th Century
In 2023, Greece recorded just 72,300 births—about half the annual average between 1951 and 1970. Fertility rates among women born around 1980 are at 1.3–1.4 children, far below the replacement level of 2.07.
At the same time, the proportion of childless adults is rising, with around one in five people born in the early 1980s never having children. Nearly 23% of Greece’s population is already over the age of 65, and in 2023 the elderly outnumbered children aged 0–14 by almost one million.
When the Decline Began
The report notes that Greece’s population only began shrinking after 2011. Between 1991 and 2010, the influx of foreign workers had temporarily offset aging trends, boosting birth rates and labor force growth. But the financial crisis reversed
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