Greece continues to lead the way in indirect and property taxation
Greece continues to lead the way in indirect and property taxation among EU countries, according to the European Commission’s Annual Report on Taxation 2025, which covers fiscal data from 2023.
The report shows that indirect taxes in Greece amounted to 17.3% of GDP, placing the country fourth among the EU’s 27 member states. Meanwhile, property taxes reached 2.7% of GDP, the third highest rate in the EU after France and Belgium.
When it comes to indirect taxation, only Croatia, Sweden, and Hungary ranked above Greece. Notably, 44.4% of Greece’s total tax revenue in 2023 came from consumption taxes, compared to the EU-27 average of 33.2%. Overall, indirect tax revenues totaled 38.9 billion euros, with VAT alone accounting for 8.8% of GDP—ranking Greece 11th on that specific metric.
High Special Consumption and Environmental Taxes
Special consumption taxes—imposed on fuel, alcohol, and tobacco—were particularly high, reaching 5.2% of GDP. This places Greece second among EU member states. Environmental taxes also stood out, comprising 4.1% of GDP, again the second highest rate in the bloc.
According to the Commission’s figures, Greece’s total tax revenue in 2023 amounted to 38.9% of GDP, just shy of the EU average of 39%.
Lagging in Direct
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